Addiction

What It Is

Addiction is defined as “a chronic, relapsing disorder characterized by compulsive drug seeking and use despite adverse consequences”, according to the DSM-5. Addiction is an illness; it causes functional changes within the brain that can have negative consequences. People can become addicted to a myriad of drugs, such as alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, heroin. An addiction is not the same thing as substance abuse; a substance abuser can choose to stop taking drugs. However, substance abuse CAN lead to addiction.

Causes

You might wonder why people choose to take drugs, despite the possible consequences. There are various reasons why, such as:

to feel good
curiosity and social pressure
to reduce stress
to enhance an individual’s abilities (physical and/or mental)

Warning Signs & Symptoms

changes in behavior (isolation, social withdrawal, unreliability)
physical changes (losing weight, sores on the body, issues with dental health, nosebleeds)
lack of attention to personal appearance or hygiene
red, bloodshot, or glassy eyes
congestion
altered sleeping and eating patterns
needing more of a substance to achieve the same effect once achieved at lower doses (a warning sign of tolerance)
depression, anxiety, or cravings, after quitting your drug of choice
turning to drug use as a coping method
becoming defensive and aggressive when someone tries to discuss your substance use with you
uncharacteristic hyperactivity, over-excitement, cheerfulness, agitation, or irritability
periods of anxiety, paranoia, fear, and suspicion for no reason
periods of lethargy, lack of motivation, and being highly distractable
development of withdrawal
development of tolerance
inability to stop using, even if they want to stop
cravings for their drug of choice

Treatment

A drug addiction is a serious illness and left untreated, can result in death. If you or someone you know is struggling with an addiction, you need to tell someone. Whether it be your doctor, or a trusted adult or teacher if you’re a minor, you’ve got to get help. You may feel like there is no problem, but it’s important to still let someone know if you find yourself under the influence often. Your doctor may suggest a rehabilitation facility, as well as a therapist or counselor to talk about the emotional causes of the addiction. Help is out there, you just have to ask for it.

Hotlines & Websites for Support

American Council on Alcoholism: 800-527-5344

Cocaine Help Line: 1-800-COCAINE (1-800-262-2463)

Drug & Alcohol Treatment Hotline: 800-662-HELP

Ecstasy Addiction: 1-800-468-6933

For help finding a therapist: 1-800-THERAPIST (1-800-843-7274)

Teen Helpline: 1-800-400-0900

Youth Crisis Hotline: 800-HIT-HOME

ok2talk.org – An online outlet for people to share their own stories and find support

7cups.com – 7 Cups of Tea is a website with trained listeners that you can talk to

drugrehab.com - provides information and support for those facing substance use disorders and mental illness